2025 "Top Ten Scientific Advances in China" Released

People’s Financial News, March 25 — The Chang’e 6 sample has revealed for the first time the lunar far side’s evolutionary history and the effects of massive impacts. Innovative methods have been developed to achieve large-scale production of flexible ultra-flat diamond films. A major scientific device for controlled nuclear fusion has achieved “hundred-million-degree” operation. On March 25, the National Natural Science Foundation of China announced the “Top Ten Scientific Advances of 2025” at the opening of the 2026 Zhongguancun Forum annual conference.

This year’s selected advances also include: discovery of ceramide receptor and microbial regulators and their roles in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases; breakthroughs in cross-species organ transplantation with gene-edited pig livers implanted into humans; analysis of inflammatory aging mechanisms and multi-dimensional targeted interventions; discovery of thriving chemolithoautotrophic communities in the deepest parts of the abyssal trenches; development of fully functional 2D semiconductor/silicon hybrid heterogenous integrated flash memory chips; realization of thorium-uranium nuclear fuel conversion based on molten salt reactors; and new interface regulation methods for creating high-performance flexible layered solar cells for aerospace applications. (Xinhua News Agency)